1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda Louis De Broglie (Luis D\u00f6 Brogli), \u0131\u015f\u0131k dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n foton gibi davranabilmesinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak elektron gibi par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n da dalga \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda Werner Heisenberg (Vern\u0131r Hayz\u0131nb\u00f6rg), elektronlar\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 saptayabilmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda elektronun konumunun ve h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 anda belirlenemeyece\u011fini bulmu\u015ftur (Heisenberg Belirsizlik \u0130lkesi). Heisenberg, dalga ve tanecik \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren elektronlar\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 saptayabilmek i\u00e7in uzun dalga boylu \u0131\u015f\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda elektronun konumundaki belirsizli\u011fin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu (G\u00f6rsel 1.1.6), k\u0131sa dalga boylu \u0131\u015f\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise elektronun h\u0131z\u0131ndaki belirsizli\u011fin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir (G\u00f6rsel 1.1.7).<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/p>\n

Heisenberg Belirsizlik \u0130lkesi\u2019ne g\u00f6re bir par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirli bir konum aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu nedenle Bohr atom modelinde oldu\u011fu gibi elektronlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirdek etraf\u0131nda dairesel y\u00f6r\u00fcngeleri izledi\u011fi ispatlanamaz ancak elektronlar\u0131n \u00e7ekirdek etraf\u0131nda bulunma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerden bahsedilebilir. Modern atom modelinde, atomda elektronlar\u0131n bulunma olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelere orbital (elektron bulutu) denir.<\/p>\n

1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger (\u00d6rvin \u015e\u00f6ding\u0131r), elektron gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taneciklerin enerjilerini ve genel davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan denklem geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir (Schr\u00f6dinger dalga denklemi). Denklemde elektronun k\u00fctle ile ifade edilen tanecik davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ve dalga fonksiyonu ile ifade edilen dalga davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Schr\u00f6dinger, denklemi olu\u015ftururken elektronun dalga \u00f6zelli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak tam bir konumundan bahsetmez. Elektronun bulunma ihtimalinin y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeleri dikkate al\u0131r. Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019in denkleminin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi sonucunda elektronlar\u0131n bulunma olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren b\u00f6lgeler ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda Louis De Broglie (Luis D\u00f6 Brogli), \u0131\u015f\u0131k dalgalar\u0131n\u0131n foton gibi davranabilmesinden yola \u00e7\u0131karak elektron gibi par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n da dalga \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda Werner Heisenberg (Vern\u0131r Hayz\u0131nb\u00f6rg), elektronlar\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 saptayabilmek i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda elektronun konumunun ve h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 anda belirlenemeyece\u011fini bulmu\u015ftur (Heisenberg Belirsizlik \u0130lkesi). Heisenberg, dalga ve tanecik \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[83,84],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n